Consider the service defined in Figure 1 which derives from SoapService and which most likely looks more familiar to developers than the earlier example that used SoapSender. Internally, SoapService is using both a SoapReceiver and a SoapSender to make the request-response message exchange pattern happen, but it does much more than that. You will notice that there is no longer a SoapEnvelope in sight. Instead, you are working with objects as both parameters and return type.
It's nice that WSE 2. Whether you are creating Web service applications with ASP. The System. Serialization namespace of the.
These objects are not just available to the. NET internals; you can use them in any application, and it helps to have a level of familiarity with them since they are used on your behalf every time you consume or create a Web service with. In general, the serialization of objects to XML and vice versa is taken care of automatically by these objects. XmlSerializer will convert an instance of a class to an XML element of a given name and namespace.
It then uses reflection to examine all the public data members of a class, and it maps each of those to a child element of the original element. Figure 2 shows a simple class definition and its corresponding XML serialized structure once it has passed through the XmlSerializer. If you want to use an XmlSerializer with your SoapEnvelope, you can. The following code sheds some light on what is really happening under the covers of the Web services stacks:.
Since your SoapEnvelope is an XmlDocument, you can construct any number of XmlReader or XmlWriter objects on top of it and pass them to the Serialize or Deserialize methods, respectively. Now that you have a better idea about how XML messages and objects are related, let's take a look at some more complex messages and see where custom serialization becomes necessary.
The default behavior of XML serialization through XmlSerializer can take you through many cases, but sometimes you need to take more control over the way in which your objects are serialized. The class provided here illustrates two potential problems commonly encountered when working with XML serialization of objects:.
In the first case, you have a StringCollection that represent names or abbreviations of the states for example, North Carolina. There are a number of ways that you could serialize such a list but which one should the XmlSerializer choose?
In this case, you would need to provide more information. The second issue is a bit trickier because one of the members of the class is of the System.
Uri type, and the System. Uri class has no default constructor a public constructor that accepts no parameters. Classes that have no such constructor cannot be deserialized from XML because the XmlSerializer class does not know how to instantiate one, and if it can't be deserialized, XmlSerializer will also refuse to serialize it.
Because of this, the XmlSerializer would also fail to serialize the MyService class because ServiceUri happens to be a public member. The default behavior of XML serialization can take you through most cases, but sometimes you need to take more control over the way in which objects are serialized.
In addition to handling messages as raw XML, as you saw previously, there are three other methods at your disposal that you can use to shape the content of your Web services messages: attributes, IXmlSerializable, and IXmlElement. Implementing IXmlElement. If you want, you can implement IXmlElement in your own classes and achieve much the same results as if you had derived from OpenElement. If you do choose to implement IXmlElement yourself instead of deriving from a WSE base class, you must remember to provide a special constructor for your object.
This special constructor must take as a parameter an instance of the XmlElement class, the same parameter that you would pass to the IXmlElement. LoadXml method. This constructor can be nothing more than a pass-through to the LoadXml method, as shown here:. Without this constructor, your message objects will appear to be serialized to XML successfully, but they will fail when WSE attempts to deserialize them. Instead of creating the object with a default empty constructor and calling LoadXml, it simply constructs the object using the XmlElement.
There are times, of course, when you need to step in and control the behavior of the serialization process. The first method that a developer can use to control the XML serialization process is through attributes. Serialization namespace provides a number of attributes that can be used to change normal serialization behavior.
Figure 3 lists a few of the more common attributes and the effect that each of them has on the serialization process. The full list is available in the documentation for the System. Serialization namespace. Whenever a class that uses one or more of these attributes is serialized, the XmlSerializer class uses reflection to determine what attributes are being used and how they should be interpreted.
In the class shown here, I have added attributes to the previously defined class in order to declaratively shape the XML serialization, as shown in Figure 4. The XmlRootAttribute describes the MyService class as a whole, the XmlArrayAttribute describes how the States collection should be serialized as a list of items, and the XmlIgnoreAttribute states that the Uri member ServiceUri should be skipped completely during serialization.
With those changes, the class can now be successfully passed to XmlSerializer. The XML that is created when this object is serialized looks like this:. Although using the attributes to shape XML messages is straightforward, it cannot fix every problem.
Most obviously, there is still no serialized information about the Uri member, which may or may not be a problem depending on the class design. On the other hand, suppose you did not like how the States list was serialized. You may still be unable to get what you want from attributes.
For example, there are no attributes available that can tell the XmlSerializer to write an array of strings as an XML type of xsd:list, as shown in the following:. This is a common enough construct in XML and one that is well suited to representing a list of items, but that does not require the overhead of an element for each item. For that reason, elements of the xsd:list type appear in many of the messages used for the latest Web services specifications, like WS-Discovery.
In order to format the list of strings as an xsd:list, you would need to take more control over the XML serialization process. Another way to take more control is by implementing the IXmlSerializable interface, which is a mechanism for overriding the XML serialization process:.
The IXmlSerializable interface has three methods: two for serialization and one for schema generation. These differences will affect WSE-related entries in your application configuration files or project references as well as your code wherever you're using the WSE namespace. For example, in WSE 1. Another fundamental change in the core object model has to do with acquiring SoapContext objects in your code.
In WSE 1. In WSE 2. Hence, in WSE 2. Each class has a static Current property for retrieving the current SoapContext object as shown in the bottom of Figure 3. Several other WSE 1. You'll have to rework any WSE 1. These are the most fundamental and obvious breaking changes but there are others as well.
We'll discuss these differences throughout the remainder of this column. In order to make it easier for developers to migrate to WSE 2. If you can't afford to break existing services or deal with the compatibility issues just described, you can choose to run both WSE versions simultaneously. Thanks to the fact that WSE 2. In fact, it shouldn't cause any problems to install WSE 2.
However, you should be aware that a given Web service cannot use WSE 1. It can only be configured to use one or the other.
Client applications, on the other hand, can use a mix of WSE 1. And you can use the WSE 2. In order to get started with WSE 2. If you have the WSE 2. However, as we discussed in the previous section, you don't have to uninstall WSE 1. When you run the installation, you'll notice several setup type options that didn't exist before, including options to install only the runtime files, runtime plus tools, documentation, Visual Studio tools, and a custom install option.
These setup options help distinguish between the various WSE components needed by different usage profiles, and the Custom option lets you select the various components manually. NET tools. Microsoft provided the WSE Settings tool as a separate download from the MSDN Web site; it came with its own installation program and wasn't considered part of the supported product.
Now WSE 2. NET solutions. Getting things configured properly is as easy as running the WSE Settings tool and checking a few boxes. This will open a multi-tab dialog, which is referred to as the WSE settings tool. This tool gives you a user-friendly interface to the various WSE 2.
You can always make these changes by hand, but the tool makes it easier to get it done right and to get it done quickly. Browsing through the various tabs will give you a quick overview of the new features provided in this release.
You can configure your project to use WSE 2. Checking this box causes the tool to add a reference to Microsoft. It also causes Visual Studio. NET projects. You'll want to do this if you're planning to use WSE 2. With this in place, the project is now configured to use WSE 2. You can configure client applications to take advantage of WSE 2. If you're migrating an existing application from WSE 1. After making these changes, try building the solution.
If you're migrating a WSE 1. For example, you'll need to change namespace imports in order to use the WSE 2. Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. I am trying to containerize a legacy application which relies on Microsoft WSE 2. I wrote a nupkg for the WSE 2. I am hoping that someone might have some more insight into the issue, know where to look for a path to resolution, or knows a better method to install WSE 2.
Or if someone has a good example of installing WSE 2. Stack Overflow for Teams — Collaborate and share knowledge with a private group. Create a free Team What is Teams? Collectives on Stack Overflow. Learn more. Add Microsoft WSE 2. NET container Ask Question. Asked 3 years, 11 months ago.
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